Representation Of Disability

Billy is shown in a long tracking shot, which allows us to see that he is dusting himself off. This suggests that he has be involved in wrong doing, therefore disability is being associated with deviant or 'strange' behaviour. The low key lighting reinforces this representation of deviance and works with the eerie non diagetic music to create a mysterious mood. A tracking low level shot of a police dog reinforces the idea that Billy has been involved in wrong doing and again associates disability with deviating from social norms. A reaction shot is used to show Billy's frighted expression which represents disability as being vulnerable or naive. The long tracking shot of the policemen running after Billy and the diagetic sound of them shouting adds to the idea that Billy has done something wrong. The non-diagetic music stops at this point which creates tension. A low level medium shot allows us to see Billy being overpowered by the officer, and here disability is being associated with being weaker or needing to be controlled. The diagetic sound of Billy shouting 'I havent done anything wrong' with a pleading tone resembles the way a child would defend themselves after doing something bad. This represents disability as having a lack of power.

A high angle two shot shows Detective Frost being corrected by Billy's father, and told that he is handicapped rather than mentally abnormal, and he apologises. Here able bodied people are being shown as having to be careful about the way they talk about and the terminology they use when talking about disability. A high angle 3 shot then shows Billy's mother asking the detective if she should clean him up, and she holds holds a bowl of water and flannel, prepared. Here able bodied people are being represented as assuming that people with disabilities need to be taken care of  and helped with daily activities in the way a small child would be.

A medium, high angle long shot shows Billy's father sit beside him and put his arm around him. The high angle suggests that Billy is being looked down on and associated disability with lack of power. The way Billy's father explains things very clearly and slowly to him, as if he was talking to a small child, shows that able bodied people may believe they have to make their speech a lot clearer and more understandable when talking to people with a disability. A close up of Billy's face allows us to see his confused expression. The way he holds his head to the side also suggests that he is confused and this relates to the common perception of disabled people being easily confused, and finding things difficult to understand. The shot reverse shot sequence between Billy and the inspector shows the inspector giving Billy a slight smile while saying 'we must have frightened you.' This represents the way an adult would talk to a small child in order to comfort them and suggests that able bodied people feel they need to speak in a comforting and clear manner when talking to people with disabilities in order not to confuse them. Here disability is being represented as needing gentle handling. The inspector continues speaking to Billy in very clear terms in the shot reverse shot for example when he says 'all of a sudden there were police and dogs and people shouting.' Billy relates to the common perception of disabled people becoming easily frighted when he says 'I was frightened.' This also again represents disability as lack of power and vulnerability. When Billy is asked what time he was by the playground, he mentions he was 'coming home from workshop.' The workshop Billy is referring to may be something that disabled individuals attend, and if so disability is being associated with needing extra care or learning help. Throughout this shot reverse shot sequence, Billy is shot using a slight high angle as he looks up at the inspector, and the inspector shot at a slight low angle as he looks down at Billy. This represents the difference in power between an able bodied and disabled person. The lighting during this scene is low key lighting and shadows are cast by Billy. As darkness is commonly associated with negativity, it could be argued that here disability is being associated with being slightly untrustworthy, which relates to the way Billy is constantly looking away from the inspector.

What is the significance in proliferation of hardware and content for institutions and audiences

Production

Advantages:

- More professional equipment available to produce better quality footage
- Cheaper equipment
- Digital cameras rather than film - you are able to watch back the footage and delete it so it takes less space and no cost to record footage which means you can have more on set - change of angles in Skyfall. The quality also decreases over time with film.
- CGI available to make effects more realistic - Disney
- Entry barrier lower due to reduced price of equipment - Ill manors
- Films can reach more audiences due to the different platforms they can consume from like iPads and smartphones, meaning more profit will be made from the film
- Conglomerates can spend more money on the film due to lowered price of equipment

Disadvantages:

- The quality of digital cameras is better than film
- More competition

Distribution

Advantages:

- Easier to market
- Marketing on different platforms means attracting more audiences
- Conglomerates can spend more money on advertisement
- Smaller companies can use the internet to market their film in order to gain as big an audience as they can.

Disadvantages:

- More competition as there is more content being made

Exhibition

Advantages:

- Better sound and picture in cinema
- D seats
- IMax
- 3D
- Able to reach more audiences buy exhibiting films on demand

Disadvantages:

- Cinemas have to spend more money in order to improve certain features to attract more people. This is because people are now able to consume on other platforms like iPads, phones, and HD TVs

Audiences

Advantages:

- more content due to proliferation of different camera
- Better quality films
- Easier to access content due to tablets, iPads, smartphones etc
- Better cinema experiences

Disadvantages:

-

To what extent does digital distribution affect the marketing and consumption of media products in the media area you have studied?



One way digital distribution has an effect on marketing is that rather than advertising using billboards and posters, online advertising can be done on sites and social networks. Due to the growing number of people using a large range of new technologies such as smartphones and tablets, it means that online adverts will be seen by more people. One type of online advertisement would be a short clip at the beginning of a youtube video that you cannot skip. This gives the audience more opportunity to watch the adverts. Sometimes the advert might be related to the video the consumer is watching, meaning it is more likely to catch their attention. If audiences see the online advertisement they may be more likely to consume the film online. A film which has used online advertisement is Ill manors.

A negative of digital distributionis that piracy is more likely to happen   

Question 1 Practise

Scene 1

Camerawork

- Long establishing pan shot shows Ben attending customers at a pool side, and establishes the location
- close up shot reverse shot shows both men during the conversation
- Medium long two shot shows Ben trying to get back to the desk
- camera zooms in to show a close up reaction shot of Ben
- 180 degree rule makes the scene look more natural
- camera movement during shot reverse shot

Sound

- Tel using slag such as 'bruv' 'bro' 'man' and speaks more confidentially than Ben
- Ben speaking politely for example 'you're looking good'
- non diagetic music gets more suspenseful towards the end
- diagetic sound stops for a few seconds at the end to show tension.


Editing

- Shot reverse shot sequence to show conversation
- picks up pace as it get towards the end of scene

Mis-en-scene

- Posh hotel pool
- One traditional Jamaican man wearing 'bling', and with dreadlocks, the other is westernised wearing a formal suit with a short haircut.
- Ben shows a worried/upset expression at the end of the scene
- Low key/ artificial lighting                                                

Question Plan

What significance does the continual development of digital media technology have for media institutions and audiences? – Plan

Production

Advantages -

·      Easier for people to become pro-sumers – larger variation of filming equipment available.

·      Ill manors wouldn’t be able to have been shot on film due to budget – cheaper to shoot on video

·      More CGI

·      Digital vs. film – being able to watch the footage back straight away, no cost to produce film, consistent

·       

Disadvantages –

·      More competition due to lower entry barrier for producing films

·      Although film is cheaper and more consistent, the quality is not as good

Distribution

Advantages-

·      Films can be sent out on hard drive or high speed broadband

Exhibition

Advantages-

·      Improved cinemas – high quality sound, picture, D seats, Imax

·      Can exhibit online e.g. Netflix

Disadvantages-

·      People are able to exhibit films online, at home on hd TVs, iPads, laptops, phones etc. This means cinemas have to try harder, spending more money to attract audiences.

·      Piracy\ illegal download

Audiences

Advantages –

·      Better quality films to enjoy

·      More to watch due to lowered entry barrier

·      Cheaper equipment due to proliferation of hardware.  

Disadvantages-


Marketing

Advantages-

• Now distributers can advertise on various websites or social media which people can see on a range of different backgriounds.
• E.g. short ads at the beginning of YouTube videos which people have top watch

Disadvantages-

• More money spent on advertisement